English

DTIC ADA053250: Shelters in Soviet War Survival Strategy.

Blast shelter construction has been an important element of the Soviet civil defense program since the 1950's and has been assigned first priority as a measure for protection of the population in the 1970's. Soviet shelter designs vary according to their hardness, capacity, filter-ventilation system, location (i.e., in basements or detached), and whether built in peacetime or in time of crisis. Various types of radiation fallout covers also exist, providing different levels of protection against radiation. Soviet shelters are equipped for long-term occupancy with regard to ventilation and temperature control, requirements for water and toilets, and food supply which, however, is limited in apartment house basement shelters. Analysis of open Soviet materials and information supplied by human sources indicates that the present Soviet ready shelter capacity in potential target cities is on the order of 50 to 60 percent, or sufficient for some 70 percent of the valuable element of the population, and that the annual shelter construction cost is on the order of 2 billion rubles. (Author)

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