English

DTIC ADA521543: Thinking at the Operational Level

Throughout the 19th century, military history, as it was taught in military academies, schools of application, and staff colleges--except those of the Prussian army--stressed the scientific study of principles which experienced soldiers such as Napier, Jomini, and the Archduke Charles had deduced from campaigns waged during the Napoleonic wars. most texts explained these principles in elaborate detail, using ancient as well as modern campaigns to show how they had been successfully applied, on the assumption that their correct application in theory may easily be acquired by any person of average intellect. The emphasis clearly was on the universal validity of accepted principles.

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