English

The Ottoman Turks to the Fall of Constantinople [1453]

This study, which appeared as Chapter 21 in Volume 4 of the Cambridge Medieval History (Cambridge, 1923), was written by the historian Edwin Pears. Chapter 21, "The Ottoman Turks to the Fall of Constantinople" [1453], covers the 13th-15th centuries. Topics include: Infiltration of Turkish nomads into Asia Minor; Ertughril; Accession of Osman; The Catalan Grand Company; First entry of Turks into Europe, 1308; Progress of Osman; Capture of Brusa; Capture of Nicaea; Capture of Nicomedia; Orkhan styled Sultan; The Janissaries; Organisation of the army; Orkhan in alliance with Cantacuzene; Venetian versus Genoese influence; The Ottomans in Europe; Murad I; European policy of the Ottomans; Defeat of the Serbs on the Maritza, 1371; Subservience of the Empire to Murad; Battle of Kossovo, 1389; Causes of Murad's success; Bayazid the Thunderbolt; Western crusade against the Turks; Victory of Bayazid at Nicopolis, 1396; Boucicaut at Constantinople; The appearance of Timur; His capture of Aleppo and Baghdad; Battle of Angora, 1402; Timur's conquests in Asia Minor; Death of Timur and Bayazid; Civil war among the Ottomans; Mahomet I; Character of his reign; Murad II; Increasing numbers of the Ot

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